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BeginTransaction 'do your work here tx. Dispose End Try So morale of the story Any info is welcome! Regards, Alexander. Posted by anowak at 5 comments:. Labels: ADO. Both did a good job! Benefits What did I learn Use dataset -approach in application that needs to be build fast. Use dataset -approach If you are more at ease with the relational model than OO -models. Use a dataset to persist information on a PDA.
You can use the dataset xml features for that. Check out the new dataset features in VS You can separate the generated TableAdapters from the dataset type in different projects.
There is also a "manager" that handles multi-table updates. The domain model is the basis. DDD is difficult. Expect big learning curve. Don't expose domain layer immediately to UserInterface layer. You should consider other objects to transport the information of an entity DDD for principal domain object representing something valuable for the business customer order, etc.
Kurt prepared a lot of example applications to support his viewpoints. NET design. Wednesday, 17 October Datasets versus custom objects. Here is a list of benefits and concerns for each approach I compiled from various Internet sources and books.
If you see other points or disagree with some things , don't hestitate to drop a line. NET to create typed datasets manually or via server explorer Add new data source wizard creates Typed datasets from database schema. Full two-way data-binding capabilities Built-in support to receive notifications when something changes inside.
You can define relationships between tables referential constraints You can define constraint on columns Uniqueness Can hold many kinds of data types. NET framework The DataSet is serializable out-of-the-box also binary Has integrated XML capabilities Has built-in support for optimistic concurrency You can add custom logic in typed Dataset partial classes Using annotations, you can change the names of contained objects to more meaningful names without changing the underlying schema, making code easier for clients to use.
NET Object type. DataSet is tied directly to the database model. Abstractions are more diffeiclut. Your typed dataset must inherit from DataSet, which precludes the use of any other base classes. Custom Collections Benefits provide the means to expose data in easy-to-access APIs without forcing every data model to fit in the relational model. You can still make a one-to-one mapping with the database but you can more easily use OO technisues to model the your problem domain.
Advanced relationships like inheritance are possible. You can add any behaviour that is needed. Custom entities can contain methods to encapsulate simple business rules. Custom entity classes can perform simple validation tests in their property accessors to detect invalid business entity data. Support for multiple versions of data state within an entity must be coded.
No Searching and sorting of data out of the box. You must define your own mechanism to support searching and sorting of entities. NET Development Series. Posted by anowak at 57 comments:.
For example character columns were represented as nvarchar 0. Solution Fortunately a third option worked for us free! Posted by anowak at 3 comments:. Labels: SqlServer Integration Services. NET factory. NET software factory. Benefits Software factories in the technology sense of the word alone don't cut it.
There is also a process part and an organization people part that are equally, if not more , important than the technology at hand. Pragmatism is key. They were not afraid to mix more "classical" engineering approaches in their agile methodology: The key phrase of Jan was : being agile in an agile way. After the scrum sprints, a phase for stabilization and transition was included. Visual Studio Team foundation was a big enabler in this way of working Only allow a fixed application architecture with some variability winforms , Asp.
Incorporate feedback of the developers. Only work with people who believe in this way of working because not the technology is the biggest hurdle you have a lot of training possibilities but the process asks a particular kind of mentality. Concerns Having authority to impose certain things process, technology requires managemente involvement from day one.
He combines, in variuos degrees, technology , process and domain knowledge. While writing user stories and talking and thinking with the "business" , he also was responsible for keeping the process on track and prefereable also knew the technology.
I did not hear anything about system analist or functional analysist or business analist being a part of the team writing the use cases.
I wish I knew how I could manage that. Until now the delivery centers worked on LOLA apps. NET as major technology platform? The technology pilar changes at a relatively fast pace. Some technology from Microsoft wasn't mature enough Microsoft Software factories. Once again, congratualation for the presentors.
Best regards, Alexander Nowak. Labels: Software Development Organisation. Sunday, 7 October Unit tests Part 2. More technically one should consider that a unit is the smallest testable part of an application. In an Object Oriented program, the smallest unit is a Class or more interesting, its operations.
Unit testing is done by the developers and not by end-users or separate QA. A unit test is a piece of code that calls the unit under test in particular way in order to find errors during development.
Each Unit test verifies if it returns the predicted answer. Automation is key in the success of unit testing because it gives the developers a way to create structured unit tests that can be executed easily and repeatable and can be verified through assertions in the test code.
Benefits The goal of unit testing is show that the individual parts of the code are working correctly. Concerns Unit testing will not catch every error in the program. Automation Unit testing in spirit has existed since the beginning of programming. With the help of this testing automation framework your unit tests are Test can be written in same language as the tested unit Structured. Automatic and repeatable. Designed to test positive and negative actions.
Open questions Testing should become an integral part of the programming effort , not some things that comes afterwards. But how can you educate your team? How can you convince management How to ensure that having a lot of unit tests does in fact make tracking bugs easier? How to make sure your tests are easy to maintain? NET 2. NET, James W. Newkirk and Alexei A. Labels: Developer Testing. Friday, 5 October Testing types classification. There are different types of test you can conduct.
These test types have different objectives and characteristics. There are several classification criteria to organize these types of test.
Who uses the information of the test results? Development team, Test organization, end-user Dynamic tests versus static tests Functional test versus non-functional test performance, load, security ,etc Sometimes the classification name for type means one thing for one person and another for person. Objective How are the tests executed? Who executes the tests? Who is the main interesseted party in the test-results? Where are the tests executed?
When are the tests executed? Static testing To find errors before they become bugs early in the software development cycle. Code is not being executed. Usually take the form of code reviews self-review, peer—review, walk-troughs, inspections, audits BUT can also be conducted on level of requirements, analysis and design. Usage of check-list for verification. Code analysis preferably executed through tools.
Reviews on requirements, analysis and design are executed early in the project Unit testing A. Test results are not necessarly logged somewhere. Executed on the private development environment. So Tested in isolation of others developers.
But can be executed in separate environment build environment in Continuous Integration scenario Executed during construction phase Unit Integration testing A. Component testing, Module testing To check if units can work together It is possible for units to function perfectly in isolation but to fail when integrated Typically the work of one programmer Executed by the Developer Test results immediatly used by Developer Test results are not necessarly logged somewhere.
Can be executed in separate environment build environment in Continuous Integration scenario Exectued during construction phase System testing Compares the system or program to the original objectives Verification with a written set of measurable objectives Focuses on defects that arise at this highest level of integration. Functional testing Finding discrepancies between the program and its external specification Test result used primarily by the project team focuses on validating the features of an entire function use case Main question: Is it performing as our customers would expect?
White box approach Single-user test. It does no t attempt to emulate simultaneous users Look at the software through the eyes of targeted end-user. Preferable separate tester non-biased Separate test environment Generally more towards the end of construction Beta testing Check how the software affects the business when a real customers use the software "Test results" used by customer and project team Usually not a completely finished product Sometimes used in parallel with previous application on the end-user environment.
Is usually not structured testing. No real test cases established. Application is used in everyday scenarios. Although some end-users use implicit error guessing techniques to discover defects.
Executed by selected end-users In separate test environment or real production environment It can be conducted after some construction iterations but normally before formal acceptance tests. Acceptance Testing Executed by the Customer or some appointed by the customer Not the delivering party Determine if software meets customer requirements and to whether the user accepts read pays for the application.
Who defines the depth of the acceptance testing? Who creates the test cases? Who actually executes the tests? When and how is payment arranged? Test results primarily used by customer but are handed over to project team. Could be that application is accepted under some conditions.
Separate test role with the project team delivering party Test result used by project team Executed on the separate test environment During construction when workable sub-systems are ready to be tested i.
Test in function of fail-over technology. On different levels Unit, integration , system, functional Executor depends on level of test Primary interested party depends on level of test Executed during Construction or Maintenance Several Other Specialised tests Testing for operational monitoring: Do faults we simulated find their way in the monitoring environment of our application? Testing for portability: Does our product work on the targeted Operation Systems?
Testing for interoperability;For example does our software work with different targeted database systems? Testing the localized versions. Testing for recoverability after certain system failures. Labels: Testing. Thursday, 4 October Test Specification techniques. Context I assembled some information about techniques you can use to specify the test cases to see whether the code contains errors while assuring that the test cases covered all the code and possible conditions. Generally the techniques are divided in two groups ; Black-box and white-box testing techniques where black-box techniques treat the unit only from an API standpoint and the white-box techniques require full understanding of the code.
It is important to note that some formal techniques can take a lot of effort to so I suggest a more pragmatic approach based on a combination of techniques. There are different kinds of testing but for the discussion of this text we will use the following taxonomy. Unit testing is a process of testing the individual subprograms classes , subroutines or procedures methods in a program.
Sometimes the latter are stubbed out to assure that we only test the unit under test and not the secondary units.
Unit integration testing concerns the inter-operation between the different units a developer has made. Component testing or subsystem testing unit integration verifies a particular portion of the application, for example the data access layer code. This for example requires the integration of a database server. System test is a higher level test that verifies non-functional characteristics at the entry point of a system.
For example performance, stress, volume, etc. Functional tests test the system much like a client would use the application. Things like the order of input , user error messages , etc Some of the techniques discussed are more fit for a particular type of testing than others. Test psychology Is testing something we do to show that a piece program is working as expected or that it contains no errors or to find all errors?
Or everything mentioned? This might seem like subtle differences in semantics to some readers but it is actually quite strong because it gives you a different starting point while specifying test cases. Testing should have something destructive in nature.
Testing has the purpose of increasing the reliability of your code. So actually when a test case finds an error , the test case should be mentally regarded as a success because it found an error and we can fix it before it was put through acceptance testing or worse, in production.
Of course the meaning of success is double-faced because once we fix the code and execute the test case again we should not find the error anymore. The test-case passed successfully, meaning this time processing the correct result.
So saying that my piece of code is working as expected so not the ideal mindset because you can more easily write test case that will demonstrate that.
Proving that your program contains no errors is very difficult to state because the psychological burden to achieve this is too big for a programmer. It is better to uncover as much as errors as possible.
The more errors you find, an of course fix, the more confident you will be of your code. Typical Software defects and their causes This is a huge area but ranging from wrong error messages to unable to free unused memory or missing database fields because of incomplete specifications. I will narrow the list to some typical coding errors and their sources. Error against numeric boundaries Wrong number of loops Wrong values for constants Wrong operation order Overflows Incorrect operator used in comparison precision loss due to rounding or truncation Unhandled case in logic Failure to initialize a loop control variable Failure to re initialize Assuming one event always finishes before another Required resource not available Doesn't free unused memory Device unavailable Unexpected end of file Wrong data types used Test strategies So how should we go about finding all errors in a program?
Sources for test case specification Depending on the type test some sources are more appropriate than others. Equivalence classes Exhaustive-input test of a program is impossible. Hence, in testing a program, you are limited to trying a small subset of all possible inputs. Of course, then, you want to select the right subset, the subset with the highest probability of finding the most errors.
Instead of randomly selecting a subset, you can structure your effort with technique called equivalence partioning. The equivalence classes are identified by taking each input condition a sentence or phrase in the specification, or a parameter of a method and partitioning it into two or more groups.
An equivalence class consists of a set of data that is treated the same by the module or that should produce the same result. Two types of equivalence classes can be identified: valid equivalence classes represent valid inputs to the program, and invalid equivalence classes represent all other possible states of the condition i.
These equivalence classes will form the basis for your test cases and test case data Here are some examples Boundary value analysis Boundary conditions are those situations directly on, above, and beneath the edges of input equivalence classes and output equivalence classes.
Boundary value testing focuses on the boundaries simply because that is where so many defects hide. So rather than selecting any element in an equivalence class as being representative, boundary-value analysis requires that one or more elements be selected such that each edge of the equivalence class is the subject of a test.
Another attention point is that rather than just focusing attention on the input conditions input space , test cases are also derived by considering the result space output equivalence classes.
For example for determining the percentage of discount for a particular order, you could try to come up with a test case that would possible generate a discount more than the foreseen maximum discount. These boundary values will be the test case data values. Here are some examples. Decision table testing In equivalence Class and Boundary Value testing we considered the testing of individual variables that took on values within specified ranges.
Consider following psuedo-code This exercise shows us that we need at least 18 different test case data sets to test all the logic.
Control flow testing Modules of code are converted to graphs, the paths through the graphs are analyzed, and test cases are created from that analysis. Depth of test specification Some factors that come into play of determining the appropriate amount of testing effort test case, time, depth , etc Cost of failure Testability of the design Life cycle of the application ; new or maintenance Programming language Sometimes the data types available in your programming language can help you reduce the number of test cases.
Posted by anowak at comments:. Wednesday, 3 October Continuous Integration. Early feedback for quality assurance Continuous Integration CI is a software development practice where members of a team integrate their work frequently; usually each person integrates at least daily - leading to multiple integrations per day. Each integration is verified by an automated build including test to detect integration errors as quickly as possible. This approach can lead to reduced integration problems and allows a team to develop cohesive software more rapidly.
Build automation Just building your application is relatively easy using a IDE : Decide whether you want a debug or a release build, and then select Build Solution or Rebuild Solution from the Build menu in for example Visual Studio. NET VS. But the manual approach is not sufficient for a project of any reasonable size. You might also have unit tests to run through, documentation to update, and so on.
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